Urea is manufactured by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide in autoclave to form ammonium carbamate. This is heated at 1350C at about 35 atm pressure to produce Urea. This is endothermic reaction and ammonia is maintained in excess to shift the equilibrium towards urea formation. Urea production consists of main two reactions.
1. Formation of ammonium carbamate
2. Dehydration of ammonium carbamate to produce molten urea
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| Urea Production from NH3 and CO2 |
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Flow Diagram of Urea Production Process from Ammonia and Carbon-dioxide
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